Suppliants - Aeschylus - 古希腊 - 古典文学

John Campbell 10-08-2023
John Campbell

(悲剧,希腊语,约公元前469年,1073行)

简介

简介

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"Suppliants" (Gr: "Hiketides" 纬度;纬度: "祈祷" )是古希腊剧作家的一部悲剧。 埃斯库罗斯 它有时被称为 "求救的妇女" "求助的少女们" 与他一起。 "波斯人" 它是西方世界现存最古老的戏剧之一。 故事所依据的达纳斯和他的50个女儿的神话,基本上是伯罗奔尼撒半岛最重要的迈锡尼城市之一阿尔戈斯的一个基础传说(或者说是一个重新建立的传说)。 它不应该与 欧里庇得斯 ' 戏,也叫 "Suppliants" 该书讲述了阿德拉斯特斯和阿尔盖族的母亲们与底比斯的克瑞翁的斗争,以使阿尔盖族入侵者的尸体能够得到适当的安葬。

简介

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See_also: 什么是史诗性比喻的例子:定义和四个例子

戏剧人物 - 人物

DANAUS

阿尔戈斯的国王佩拉斯古斯

埃吉图斯的预言家

达纳斯的女儿们的合唱团

參加者

达纳斯的50个女儿,统称为达奈德人(组成剧中的合唱团),与他们的父亲一起逃亡,试图逃避被迫与他们的埃及表亲,即篡位的国王阿基普特斯(Danaus的孪生兄弟)的50个儿子的婚姻。

当他们到达阿尔戈斯时,达纳斯和他的女儿们向善良但胆小的佩拉斯古斯国王请求保护。 起初,他拒绝了,因为要等待阿尔戈斯人对此事的决定,但阿尔戈斯人同意保护这些逃亡者,这让达纳德人感到非常高兴。

然而,几乎就在这时,人们看到埃及求婚者的舰队正在靠近,一位传令官虚张声势,威胁达奈德夫妇,并试图迫使他们回到表亲身边结婚,最后还试图用身体拖走他们。 佩拉斯古斯国王出面威胁传令官,用一支武装力量介入,赶走埃及人,从而拯救了求婚者。他恳求达奈德人留在城墙的安全范围内。

该剧的结尾是达奈德人退回到安全的阿尔盖斯城墙,达纳斯敦促她们向希腊诸神祈祷和感恩,并保持少女的谦逊。

分析报告

See_also: 迪亚尼拉:谋杀赫拉克勒斯的女人的希腊神话故事

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"Suppliants" 曾被认为是现存的最早的戏剧,由 埃斯库罗斯 (主要是由于合唱团作为戏剧主角的功能相对不合时宜),但最近的证据表明,它是在以下时间段出现的 "波斯人" 作为 埃斯库罗斯 然而,它仍然是现存最古老的古希腊戏剧之一,在其简陋的总体结构中,它可能类似于失传的乔里勒斯、弗里尼库斯、普拉蒂纳斯和公元前6世纪的戏剧先驱们的作品。 由于祈求的妇女基本上既是合唱团又是主角,合唱歌词占据了更多的篇幅也许并不令人惊讶。一半的戏。

它可能是在公元前470年后的某个时候(可能晚于公元前463年)首次演出的,是三部曲中的第一部,包括失落的戏剧 "阿基普特斯之子" "达纳斯的女儿们" (这两部作品都延续了 "Suppliants" 和阿尔戈斯的重新定居),接着是失落的萨提尔剧目 "Amymone" 它滑稽地描绘了达奈德人被波塞冬诱惑的情景。

"Suppliants" 它不符合我们对传统希腊悲剧的期望,因为它既没有英雄,也没有堕落,甚至没有悲剧性的结论。 相反,该剧描绘了未解决的性、爱和情感成熟的冲突。 它还向公元前461年建立民主政府之前贯穿雅典的民主暗流致敬,并坚持佩拉斯古斯国王在征求阿尔戈斯人民的意见时,明显是在为民主点头。

它不应该与 "Suppliants" 欧里庇得斯 (讲述了特修斯为了让波利尼西亚和埃特奥克勒斯兄弟的尸体得到妥善安葬而与底比斯的克瑞翁进行的斗争)。

资源

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  • E. D. A. Morshead的英译本(互联网经典档案)://classics.mit.edu/Aeschylus/suppliant.html
  • 带有逐字翻译的希腊文版本(珀尔修斯项目)://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0015

John Campbell

John Campbell is an accomplished writer and literary enthusiast, known for his deep appreciation and extensive knowledge of classical literature. With a passion for the written word and a particular fascination for the works of ancient Greece and Rome, John has dedicated years to the study and exploration of Classical Tragedy, lyric poetry, new comedy, satire, and epic poetry.Graduating with honors in English Literature from a prestigious university, John's academic background provides him with a strong foundation to critically analyze and interpret these timeless literary creations. His ability to delve into the nuances of Aristotle's Poetics, Sappho's lyrical expressions, Aristophanes' sharp wit, Juvenal's satirical musings, and the sweeping narratives of Homer and Virgil is truly exceptional.John's blog serves as a paramount platform for him to share his insights, observations, and interpretations of these classical masterpieces. Through his meticulous analysis of themes, characters, symbols, and historical context, he brings to life the works of ancient literary giants, making them accessible to readers of all backgrounds and interests.His captivating writing style engages both the minds and hearts of his readers, drawing them into the magical world of classical literature. With each blog post, John skillfully weaves together his scholarly understanding with a deeplypersonal connection to these texts, making them relatable and relevant to the contemporary world.Recognized as an authority in his field, John has contributed articles and essays to several prestigious literary journals and publications. His expertise in classical literature has also made him a sought-after speaker at various academic conferences and literary events.Through his eloquent prose and ardent enthusiasm, John Campbell is determined to revive and celebrate the timeless beauty and profound significance of classical literature. Whether you are a dedicated scholar or simply a curious reader seeking to explore the world of Oedipus, Sappho's love poems, Menander's witty plays, or the heroic tales of Achilles, John's blog promises to be an invaluable resource that will educate, inspire, and ignite a lifelong love for the classics.