( Musiibo, Giriig, c. 410 BCE, 1,510 sadar)

HordhacMycenae (ama Argos ee noocyada qaar ee khuraafaad ) waxay ka soo noqdeen Dagaalkii Trojan iyo naagtiisii ​​​​cusub, Cassandra. 17 Xaaskiisa, Clytemnestra , kuwaas oo sannado badan u xanaaqsanaa Agamemnon tan iyo markii uu allabari u bixiyey gabadhood Iphigenia bilowgii Dagaalkii Trojan Placate ilaahyada, oo isla markaa qaatay Agamemnon inaadeerkii hamiga Aegisthus jacayl ahaan, wuxuu dilay Agamemnon iyo Cassandra labadaba.

2> , halka walaashiis Electra ay ku sii jirtay Mycenae (in kasta oo in ka badan ama ka yar ay hoos u dhigtay heerka addoonsiga), sida walaashooda ka yar Chrysothemis (kuwaas oo, si kastaba ha ahaatee, aan ka mudaharaadin ama raadin aargoosiga hooyadood iyo Aegisthus).2> > Sida riwaayaddu bilaabanto, sanado badan ka dib dhimashadii Agamemnon, Orestes, oo hadda nin weyn, wuxuu yimid Mycenae si qarsoodi ah saaxiibkiis Pylades of Phocis iyo kaaliyihii hore ama macalin. Waxay dejinayaan qorshe ay ku gelayaan qasriga Clytemnestra iyaga oo ku dhawaaqaya in Orestes dhintay, iyo in labada nin (runtii Orestes iyo Pylades) ay u imanayaan si ay u gaarsiiyaan hadhaaga hadhaaga.2> Electra waligeed ma dhicin. u timid dilka aabaheed Agamemnon, oo u baroorta dhimashadiisa Chorus of Myceaean dumarka. Waxay si qadhaadh ula doodaysaa walaasheed Chrysothemishoygii ay la joogtay gacan-ku-dhiiglayaasha aabbaheed, iyo hooyadeed, oo ayan waligeed ka cafiyin dilka. Rajadeeda kaliya ayaa ah in maalin maalmaha ka mid ah walaalkeed Orestes uu soo noqon doono si uu uga aarguto Agamemnon. ee Orestes, sidaas darteed, Electra aad bay u murugaysan tahay, in kasta oo Clytemnestra uu ku nastay inuu maqlo. Chrysothemis waxay sheegaysaa inay aragtay qaar ka mid ah qurbaannada iyo qufulka timaha ee qabriga Agamemnon waxayna soo gabagabaysay in Orestes ay tahay inay soo noqoto, laakiin Electra ayaa diiday dooddeeda, iyada oo ku qanacsan in Orestes hadda dhintay. Electra waxay u soo jeedinaysaa walaasheed inay hadda ku xiran tahay inay dilaan aabahood ay neceb yihiin Aegisthus, laakiin Chrysothemis way diiday inay caawiso, iyada oo tilmaamaysa mid aan macquul ahayn qorshaha.

Marka Orestes yimaado guriga 18, isaga oo sita kaadida loo malaynayo in uu ku jiro dambas isaga u gaar ah, isagu ma aqoonsan Electra marka hore, iyaduna isaga. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Orestes ayaa si qoto dheer u ogaanaya cidda ay tahay, inkastoo, Orestes wuxuu u muujinayaa aqoonsigiisa walaashiis shucuur ah, taas oo ku dhowaa inuu khiyaaneeyo aqoonsigiisa farxadeeda iyo farxadda inuu nool yahay.

Iyadoo Electra hadda ku lug leedahay qorshahooda , Orestes iyo Pylades waxay soo galeen guriga waxayna dileen hooyadiis, Clytemnestra, halka Electra uu ilaalinayo Aegisthus. Waxay meydkeeda ku qariyaan xaashida hoosteeda waxayna u soo bandhigaan Aegisthus marka uu ku laabto guriga, iyagoo sheeganaya inuu yahay jirka Orestes. GoormaAegisthus wuxuu kor u qaaday xijaabka si uu u ogaado xaaskiisa oo dhimatay, Orestes ayaa ismuujiyay, riwaayadduna waxay ku dhammaatay iyadoo Aegisthus loo galbiyay in lagu dilo dabka, isla goobta Agamemnon ayaa lagu dilay.

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Falanqaynta

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Sheekadu waxay ku salaysan tahay “Nostoi” , oo ah sheeko luntay suugaantii Giriiggii hore iyo qayb ka mid ah “Epic Wareegga " , oo qiyaas ahaan daboolaya muddada u dhaxaysa Homer 's “Iliad” iyo “Odyssey” Waa kala duwanaansho sheekadii uu sheegay Aeschylus ee “ Libation Bearers” (qayb ka mid ah “Oresteia” trilogy) ilaa afartan sano ka hor. Euripides waxa kale oo uu qoray > “Electra” >“Electra” waxa ay ciyaaraan isla wakhtiga Sophocles , inkasta oo ay jiraan farqi weyn oo u dhexeeya labada qorshe in kasta oo lagu saleeyay isla sheekada aasaasiga ah.

> > “Electra” waxaa si weyn loogu tixgaliyaa inay tahay Riwaayadda Jilaaga ugu Wanaagsan ee Sophocles , taasoo ay ugu wacan tahay sida hufan ee ay u baarayso anshaxa iyo ujeedooyinka Electra lafteeda. Halka Aeschylus uu sheekada uga sheekeeyay isagoo isha ku haya arrimaha anshaxa ee la xidhiidha, Sophocles (sida Euripides ) ay wax ka qabato dhibaatada dabeecadda, oo waydiiso nooca dumarka Waxay rabaan inay si aad ah u dilaan hooyadeed.madax adayg oo u guntaday mabaadi'da cadaalada, ixtiraamka iyo karaamada ORESTES Gacanta kalena waxaa lagu muujiyey inuu yahay a Dhallinyaro aan lahayn oo ah , oo si aad ah u fasiray maxaa yeelay caloosha apollo ah oo ay u wacan tahay shucuur ama qoto dheer. Chrysothemis way ka dareen yar tahay wayna ka go'an tahay Electra, waxayna ku dheggan tahay mabda'a waxtarka iyada oo rajaynaysa inay kor u qaaddo raaxadeeda iyo faa'iidada iyada. Chorus of the play , oo ka kooban kiiskan gabdhaha bikradaha ah ee qasriga Mycenae, dhaqan ahaan waa la ilaaliyaa oo ilaaliya, inkasta oo Chorus uu ka tago mawqifkiisii ​​caadiga ahaa si uu si niyad ah u taageero labadaba Electra iyo ficilka ugu dambeeya ee aargoosiga.<3

Mawduucyada ugu waaweyn ee lagu sahamiyay masraxa waxaa ka mid ah isku dhaca u dhexeeya caddaaladda iyo faa'iidada (sida ku qoran jilayaasha Electra iyo Chrysothemis siday u kala horreeyaan); saamaynta aargoosiga ee dambiilaha (sida xilliga aargudadu soo dhawaato, Electra waxay sii kordheysaa caqli-xumo sii kordheysa, taasoo muujineysa su'aal la isweyddiin karo oo ku saabsan mabda'a caddaaladda ee ay ku andacooneyso inay dhiirigelisay); iyo saamaynta sharaf-xumada .

Sidoo kale eeg: Calypso ee Odyssey: Qurux badan oo soo jiidasho leh

> Sophocles waxay qiraysaa dhinacyada "xun" ee "geesiyaasha" iyo "wanaagsan" dhinacyada "xumaha" , in saamayn bluring ahkala soocida labadan qaybood iyo in riwaayadda la amaahiyo cod aan anshax ahaan mugdi ku jirin. Aqoonyahano badan ayaa ku kala qaybsan in guusha Electra ay ka gaartay hooyadeed inay ka dhigan tahay guusha cadaaladda ama dhicitaanka (xitaa waallida) Electra.

> Ku laabo bogga ugu sarreeya

>

Khayraadka. >

> Ingiriis F. Storr (Internet Classics Archive): //classics.mit.edu/Sophocles/electra.html
• Nooca Giriigga oo leh eray-erey tarjumaad ah (Perseus Project): //www.perseus.tufts. edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0187

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